The physical and chemical property of Polyvinyl Chloride(PVC)

聚氯乙烯稳定;不易被酸、碱腐蚀; 聚氯乙烯具有阻燃(阻燃值为 40 以上)、耐热、耐化学药品性高（耐浓盐酸、浓度为 90%的硫酸、浓度为60%的硝酸和浓度 20%的氢氧化钠)、机械强度及电绝缘性良好的优点。但其耐热性较差，软化点为80℃,手130℃开始分解变色，并析出 HCI。

Polyvinyl Chloride(PVC) has stable chemical and physical property, and difficult to be corroded by acid and alkali. Polyvinyl Chloride(PVC) has advantages of flame retardant(flame retardant value is above 40),hot resistance,high chemical resistance（Resistance to concentrated hydrochloric acid, 90% sulfuric acid, 60% nitric acid and 20% sodium hydroxide）, good mechanical strength and electrical insulation. While, it’s hot resistance is poor, the softening point is 80℃, reaching 130℃ begins to decompose and discolor,and HCI appeared.

工业聚氯乙烯树脂主要是非晶态结构，但也包含一些结晶区域（约 5%)，所以聚氯乙烯没有明显的溶点，约在80C左右开始软化，热扭变温度（1.82MPa负荷下）为70-71C，在加压下 150C开始流动，并开始缓慢放出氯化氢，致使聚氯乙烯变色(由黄变红、棕、甚至于黑色）。工业聚氯乙烯重均相对分子质量在 4.8-4.8 万范围内，相应的数均相对分子质量为 2-1.95万。而绝大多数工业树脂的重均相对分子质量在10-20万，数均相对分子质量在 4.55-6.4 万。硬质聚氯乙烯(未加增塑剂）具有良好的机械强度、耐候性和耐燃性，可以单独用做结构材料，应用于化工上制造管道、板材及注塑制品。硬质聚氯乙烯可以用增强材料。

The structure of Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) resin in industrial industry is mainly non-crystalline structure, but it also contains some crystallization areas (about 5%), so polyvinyl chloride(PVC) do not have clear melting point, it start to soften reaching around 80℃,the temperature of thermal torsion (under 1.82MPa load) is 70-71C, and it begins to flow at 150C under pressure, and slowly releases hydrogen chloride, which causes discoloration of PVC (from yellow to red, brown, or even black). The weight-average relative molecular weight of industrial PVC is in the range of 48-48000, and the corresponding number-average relative molecular weight is 2-19500. However, most industrial resins have a weight-average relative molecular weight of 10-200000 and a number-average relative molecular weight of 455-64000. Rigid polyvinyl chloride PVC (without plasticizer) has good mechanical strength, weather resistance and fire resistance. It can be used as structural material alone and used in chemical industry to manufacture pipes, plates and injection molding products. Rigid PVC can be used as reinforcing material.

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